What Is Dyslexia?
Dyslexia is a common learning difference that affects the way the brain processes written and spoken language. It isn’t a sign of low intelligence or lack of effort — in fact, many people with dyslexia are highly creative, strong problem-solvers, and excellent critical thinkers.
Dyslexia primarily impacts reading, spelling, and writing skills, but it can also influence memory, organisation, and how someone processes information. Because it exists on a spectrum, each person’s experience can look completely different.
With the right support, strategies, and understanding, people with dyslexia can thrive academically, professionally, and personally.
Signs of Dyslexia
Dyslexia shows up differently depending on age, environment, and learning experiences, but some common signs include:
Children
- Difficulty learning letter sounds or connecting letters to sounds
- Struggling to blend sounds into words
- Confusing letters that look or sound similar (b/d, p/q, “was/saw”)
- Slow, effortful reading
- Trouble remembering sequences (days of the week, steps, instructions)
- Avoiding reading aloud
- Challenges with spelling even familiar words
Teens
- Reading remains slow or feels like hard work
- Problems with spelling, especially longer or unfamiliar words
- Difficulty summarising or recalling what they just read
- Avoiding tasks that involve reading or writing
- Trouble organising written work or taking notes
Adults
- Reading or writing takes more time than for others
- Needing to re-read information to fully understand it
- Difficulty remembering names, lists, or directions
- Spelling struggles or relying heavily on autocorrect
- Strong verbal skills but challenges with written communication
